Vision Systems
What is an industrial vision system?
- IARM Systems
- June 2022
- 8 min. read
Vision systems are one of the clearest examples of artificial intelligence applied to industry, allowing automated inspection, error detection, and process optimization along production lines.
What is a vision system?
A vision system is a technology that enables the inspection of parts or components on a production line through imaging. By detecting visual defects, it enhances accuracy, consistency, and overall process efficiency.
Artificial vision systems
Artificial vision combines hardware and software to analyze and process images with a level of precision far beyond the human eye. These systems extract critical information from each image, allowing machines to detect anomalies and take corrective actions automatically.
Through algorithms and image processing tools, vision systems provide insights that help identify, measure, and control quality parameters in real time—creating a bridge between automation and intelligent manufacturing.
Vision systems in manufacturing
In manufacturing, machine vision goes beyond simple image capture. It integrates multiple branches of engineering, including automation, mechanics, and industrial control systems.
These systems acquire and process images to control production equipment—sending commands, verifying conditions, or triggering automated actions. This integration reduces cycle time, automates inspection tasks, and ensures that every product meets the required quality standards.
Keyence vision sensors
The brand Keyence offers a wide range of sensors designed for different industrial applications: photoelectric, fiber optic, laser, inductive, and positioning sensors, among others. In this case, we focus on vision sensors.
Keyence vision sensors combine a camera and lighting system to capture high-resolution images capable of detecting multiple objects with great stability. Their built-in AI algorithms simplify setup and enable stable, reliable detection—even for users without advanced programming knowledge.
These sensors are ideal for inspection and detection applications, providing an accessible yet powerful solution for modern production environments.
Cognex vision systems
When it comes to machine vision, Cognex is one of the leading companies worldwide. Their portfolio ranges from basic vision sensors to complex 3D vision systems designed for high-performance industrial automation.
The choice of system depends on the specific application—factors such as processing speed, required resolution, device size, and whether 2D or 3D imaging is needed.
Cognex offers its own vision software, VisionPro, which allows users to configure parameters and implement both 2D and 3D applications intuitively. This makes it possible to deploy advanced inspection systems without complex programming.
Main components of a vision system
A vision system typically includes: Light sensor, Illumination unit, Lens, Image processor, Communication interface.
Proper lighting is essential—ensuring that the camera captures detailed images. The light sensor converts the optical signal into digital data for processing.
While digital I/O communication is common, modern systems increasingly use industrial protocols such as PROFINET, which allow faster and more reliable data exchange across connected automation devices.
Applications of machine vision
The range of industrial vision applications continues to expand. Among the most common is defect detection, where these systems identify flaws invisible to the human eye. This enables 100% inspection of all products, ensuring full compliance with quality standards.
Vision systems are also widely used in metrology, enabling precise, contactless measurements without the need for complex instruments.
Another major use is data extraction through code reading—including barcodes, QR codes, or printed text. Modern vision systems can read codes at very high speeds, regardless of font type, size, or color, ensuring full traceability within the production process.
Conclusions
Today, machine vision systems are indispensable across industrial sectors. Their ease of use, precision, and affordability make them essential for quality assurance and process automation.
Although not a new technology, continuous improvements in speed, AI algorithms, and hardware have made vision systems more powerful and accessible than ever—paving the way for smarter, more efficient production lines.
Sources:
https://www.cognex.com/what-is/machine-vision/what-is-machine-vision
https://www.keyence.com.mx/products/sensor/vision-sensor/
